adhd

ADHD children

ADHD children: a conceptual study

Children with school performance or behavior problems are often referred to as ADHD children. Attention deficit and hyperactivity syndrome is the German name for the coming of the Anglo-Saxon language and research space categorization as Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
The core symptoms of ADHD has three pillars:
increased movements
increased distractibility / shortened attention span
increased impulsivity
Previously such rather difficult children were often referred to in the German language as Zappelphillipp and Hans-a-boo-in-the-air.
These children have a significantly increased risk of dropping out of school, drug abuse, delinquency, and for the development of other mental disorders in adulthood.
On the other hand, such children can develop their high spontaneity and their large exploration urge special skills when they learn to compensate for the functional limitations.
ADHD is detected mostly after school entry because children often disturbing the lesson.
During puberty, resulting in many cases in the relief of symptoms, and especially the increased urge to subside. The outcome depends on how well these children learn to deal with their characteristics.
In some cases, however, pronounced symptoms persist into adulthood, especially when there is no sufficient therapeutic support to address the issue of childhood.
In the U.S., ADHD is four times as likely to be diagnosed as in Europe according to the criteria of the DSM-IV three and there is in contrast to the WHO classification according to ICD 10, which comes from the German healthcare system is applied, the subtype ads, which the not very hyperactive , so-called "dreamer" corresponds distinguished.
Emanating from the U.S. definition of ADHD has always been influenced by interests of the pharmaceutical industry. Thus, there is a tendency to group of people, which is assigned to the category of ADHD, constantly expanding. Is tried through targeted information from educators and parents to achieve increased acceptance of the diagnosis.
In most cases, a significant ADHD symptom change is achieved with better controllability of the child by the administration of the drug methylphenidate (Ritalin, methylphenidate, Concerta, Equasym).
But the first very significant effects usually exhausted after some time. In order to keep adverse effects limits the medication is methylphenidate usually only for a limited period of up to several years.
Continued successes in severe cases mainly achieved when the pharmacological effect is used to as part of a comprehensive treatment program improves on the problem to be able to exert influence in order to effect student achievement and attitude changes.
For lighter images of ADHD with low functional constraints, it is recommended that a specialized psychotherapeutic treatment program, with the objective to minimize contact with medication need to perform.
ADHD children often exhibit sensory-motor development deficits or failure compensation with remnants of developmental disorders, which should be treated therapeutically additional function (Ergo, logo, physio, Neurophysiological exercises).
If a significant continuous hyperactivity has also been observed in preschool as a special feature, it is probably a noise image with predominantly organic causes, which is most likely acquired in the context of perinatal complications.
Typically, the auditory and visual memory functions are developed, whereby the attention thread is lost faster, which is often associated with deficits in the action plan.
But there are also ADHD children with good memory performance, which often instead a special attraction openness is in the foreground, which was also often present even in infancy (cry babies). These children find it difficult to hide sources of distraction and stay with a task.
By emotional stress symptoms of ADHD can be imitated. So nervousness is also often associated with increased urge and tension can lead to impaired concentration and irritable, impulsive behavior. In these cases, a medication with methylphenidate often proves to be ineffective or even harmful. A psychotherapeutic treatment should then set different priorities than those classically hyperactive patients.
The category of ADHD thus includes different functional deficits in brain development that lead to interaction with changing social demands to be disorder resembling images.
In cortical fMRI studies, especially for small prefrontal activations and instead more diffusely distributed over the entire cortex activity patterns as a representation of the behavior problems are identified. The altered memory functions, however, can be detected better psychological testing.
In order to positively influence the problem, it is imperative to conduct an sophisticated specialized medical diagnosis from an experienced child psychiatrist.
It may be inconvenient for a problems not serious enough and dismiss it as deliberate "non-hearing-will" or on the other hand even if the very idea of ​​academic achievement is placed in the foreground.
To avoid the "stamp" ADHD it makes sense to speak primarily of attention disorders in mild cases. To be able to prescribe the drugs methylphenidate in Germany is usually a diagnostic classification as "Simple attention deficit hyperactivity disorder" or "Hyperkinetic conduct disorder" is required, which corresponds to the classification as ADHD child.
Peter Dirscherl, specialist in child and adolescent psychiatry and psychotherapy